Unit International Organisations Review

These exercises are meant to be Unit International Organisations Review, which is part of Gateway 2 English 2 textbook. They deal with vocabulary, reading, grammar, communication and writing. Just go to the section you like and do the exercises. Don’t forget to post your answers in the comment section and get the answers.

Reading

The United Nations Children’s Fund (or UNICEF) was created by the United Nations General Assembly on December 11, 1946, to provide emergency food and healthcare to children in countries that had been devastated by World War II. In 1953, UNICEF became a permanent part of the United Nations System and its name was shortened from the original United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund but it has continued to be known by the popular acronym based on this old name. Headquartered in New York City, UNICEF provides long-term humanitarian and developmental assistance to children and mothers in developing countries.
UNICEF is funded exclusively by voluntary contributions and the National Committees
collectively raise around one-third of UNICEF’s annual income. This comes through contributions from corporations, civil society organizations and more than 6 million individual donors worldwide. They also rally many different partners – including the media, national and local government officials, NGOs, specialists such as doctors and lawyers, corporations, schools, young people and the general public – on issues related to children‘s rights. Its programs emphasize developing community-level services to promote the health and well-being of children. UNICEF was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1965 and the Prince of Asturias Award of Concord in 2006.
The heart of UNICEF’s work is in the field, with staff in over 190 countries and territories. More than 200 country offices carry out UNICEF’s mission through a unique program of cooperation developed with host governments. Seven regional offices guide their work and provide technical assistance to country offices as needed. Overall management and administration of the organization take place at its headquarters in New York. UNICEF’s Supply Division is based in Copenhagen and serves as the primary point of distribution for such essential items as lifesaving vaccines, antiretroviral medicines for children and mothers with HIV, nutritional supplements, emergency shelters, educational supplies, and more.
Guiding and monitoring all of UNICEF’s work is a 36-member Executive Board which establishes policies, approves programs and oversees administrative and financial plans. The Executive Board is made up of government representatives who are elected by the United Nations Economic and Social Council, usually for three-year terms.
Unlike NGOs, UNICEF is an inter-governmental organization and this is accountable to
governments. This gives it unique reach and access in every country in the world, but may also sometimes hamper its ability to speak out publicly on rights violations or to openly criticize the policies and actions of governments.
In the United States, Canada and some other countries, UNICEF is known for its “Trick-Or-Treat for UNICEF” program in which children collect money for UNICEF from the houses they trick-or-treat on Halloween night, sometimes instead of candy. UNICEF is present in 190 countries and territories around the world. UNICEF designated 1979 as the “Year of the Child”, and many celebrities including David Gordon, David Essex, Alun Davies and Cat Stevens gave a free performance at a benefit concert celebrating the Year of the Child Concert in December 1979.

A. Fill in the table with information about UNICEF from the text.

B. Are the following sentences true or false? Justify.

C. Complete these sentences with ideas from the text.

D. What do the underlined words in the text refer to?

E. Find in the text words that mean almost the same as:

F. What do the following acronyms stand for?

Vocabulary

A. Put each adjective on the list in its appropriate place.

Cutting, efficient, yellow, human, crucial, developing, amazing, enormous, small, new, spying, oval, square, modern, white, futile, business, Moroccan, silken, huge, leather, silly, tiny, ancient, enormous flat, rectangular, pink, reddish, eastern, paper, horrible.

1- Opinion: …………………………………………………..

B. Place the three adjectives in the correct order before the noun.

C. Write four sentences containing different types of adjectives.

Grammar

A. Choose either up or down to complete these sentences.

B. Complete the sentences with the correct phrasal verb
BREAK DOWN – FALL DOWN – LOOK UP -LIE DOWN – HAND DOWN

Communication

A. Read the following dialogues and fill in the chart below with necessary information.

1. Brahim: Hello Farah, I’ve got some good news for you.
   Farah: What is it?
   Brahim: You have won the first prize in the competition.
   Farah: Wow! That’s fantastic!
2. Hatim: Sorry to say this, but I’ve got some bad news.
   Anwar: What do you mean?
   Hatim: Your brother was not accepted in the entrance exam.
   Anwar: Oh! My God

B. Add more expressions to the chart.

C. What are you going to say in these situations? Express the news and your friend responds according to the situation.

1. S1 your e-pal got the best grades in her school.
   You:…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
   Your friend:………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. S2: your American friend, John, had a terrible accident. He is now at the hospital.
   You:…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
   Your friend:

Writing

Paragraph I: Introduction
Paragraph II: Similarities
Paragraph III: Differences
Paragraph IV: Differences
Paragraph V: Conclusion: Summarizes the points discussed and give your opinion.

A. Read the following essay and complete the table below with necessary information.

The World Bank (WB) and the International; Monetary Fund (IMF) exhibit many common characteristics, they were both established at a conference of world leaders and they are, in a sense, directed by their member nations. In fact, virtually every country on earth is a member of both institutions. Similarly, they both have a common concern with economic issues and concentrate their efforts on broadening and strengthening the economies of their member countries. There are, however some differences between the two institutions.

The WB is a vital source of financial and technical assistance to developing countries around the world. It is not a bank in the common sense. It is an institution owned by 185 member countries. It focuses on middle income and creditworthy poor countries and at the same time focuses on the poorest countries for education, health, infrastructure, communications and many other purposes.

Unlike the WB, the IMF’s most important job is to conduct an annual “checkup” of the economy of almost all the IMF’s member countries. These checkups help uncover issues in a country’s economy that other member countries may be unaware of. Sharing accurate, objective information avoids nasty surprises in international trade and monetary exchange. The IMF’s reputation and success depend on this open sharing of information.

Despite these differences, the work of both institutions is complementary since it aims at adjusting and developing the world economy.